The consumption of egg per capita in Iran in the past years with a population of about 36 million people was about 3 kg per year. After the Islamic Revolution, egg production and consumption are rising, with today's population of about 80 million, per capita consumption of over 11 kilograms.
This amount of per capita consumption is approximately equal to the average per capita consumption of the world.
Production: The expansion of egg production farms around the country has brought production capacity to more than seven times the size of the revolution. About 86 percent of egg production is produced in 11 provinces of the country. According to the Iranian Statistical Center, about 19% of laying units are inactive throughout the country.
About 17% of the country's total eggs are produced in the province of Tehran, after which the Qazvin and Isfahan provinces each account for about 10% of the total production of the country in the second and third positions.
During the last 10 years between 2007 and 1395, the total egg production of industrial chickens and other poultry totaled about 700 thousand tons of eggs. While in the 1395 the production reached 950 thousand tons. In fact, the average growth in production during the 86 to 95 years was about 3.5% per year, and during this decade, about 88% of eggs were produced in industrial farms and the rest of the indigenous and other poultry producers. From 1380 to 1389, the annual growth rate of eggs was about 11 percent, which was quite below the average inflation rate in this period (about 17 percent).
In the winter of 2010, when livestock farms were infected with a flue disease and about 12 million chickens were removed, the price of eggs in 2011 totaled about twice as high as in 1389. The only factor that increased the price of eggs between the ages of 89 and 90 was flue.
The deaths due to the outbreak of influenza in poultry farms in Iran in the winter of 2010 resulted in losses of about 300 billion tomans and unemployment of about 10 thousand people.
Between 1392 and 1395 for four years, the average price of eggs was about 34,000 Rials of poultry, which did not change much in these years. Meanwhile, the average consumer inflation rate has been around 17 percent this year. In 1396, the country's poultry industry was once again infected with an outbreak of influenza. So far (mid-May 1396), more than 270 cases of influenza have been reported, and about 15 million laying hens have been abandoned. The average egg price for this year (half of the month of 1396) is about 30 percent higher than in 1995.
The average price of eggs for poultry was around 36 thousand rials in April 1396 and reached 60 thousand rials this January, which means an average increase of about 70 percent
Structure and market
There are productions about 840,000 tons of eggs, from industrial chickens in more than 1,600 units of the country. Each unit has a very small capacity in terms of total country production, and therefore, the share of each unit relative to the total production of the country is not significant. In such a structure, the market is full of competition, and the prices of eggs in the units of poultry farms are often marginalized and, even at times, harm egg producers. In such a market, manufacturers do not have the power to pricing their products and so-called "fully priced". The supply-demand relationship is the only determinant of prices in the market.
Influenza disease
The spread of influenza viral disease, which has caused heavy damage to chicken and egg producers around the world in recent years, has also been severely damaging in Iran. The incidence and prevalence of the disease not only wiped out the producers' assets, but also increased consumer spending by raising the price of the poultry industry.
The expansions of poultry farms, especially in the 11 provinces are available for research. It is increased the density of livestock breeding units and provided a suitable platform for transmitting disease between egg production units. The huge losses incurred by owners of farmland in previous years have prevented them from rebuilding their units and reducing their quarantine and development costs. This loss will be about 350 billion tomans in 1394 and about 420 billion tomans in 1395 (about 1.5 USD per egg).
About one-third of the country's laying hens are so tired that they are not optimal for health and energy at least. Indigenous chickens, or in the form of colored chickens, are distributed to rural areas for livelihoods or, in some cases, allegedly for employment. Because of the uncontrolled control of diseases in the villages, when exposed to influenza, these birds act as effective centers for the spread of disease. Therefore, it is imperative to take serious measures to manage this problem, especially in densely populated provinces.
Iran is a vast country and is subject to the transit of migratory birds, which can be a cause of disease transmission. It has been shown that viruses isolated from poultry in Iran, such as those found in Russia, and have been associated.
Of course, one can safely say that one of the main reasons for the transmission of this disease is mechanical (such as personnel and vehicles). The virus has the ability to mutate and mutate, and so no vaccine or effective treatment for disease has ever been offered.
The policy of countries to deal with this disease or vaccination, or to eliminate and eradicate are not enough. However, each of these routes has its own costly consequences.
Suggestions
1- The government will provide facilities to optimize the laying hens' facilities and facilities.
2- To avoid hatching and egg production in unauthorized units.
3. For manufacturers and businessmen, export incentives should be considered.
4. Poultry insurance will be timely to compensate producers affected by influenza.
5- Preventing and preventing the use of poultry in poultry.
6. Support the government of the country's veterinary organization in helping to cope with influenza.
7. Egg production farms are transported to areas of the country where the risk of an outbreak is less.
8. The State Veterinary Organization should inform the local poultry industry, government and people about influenza. Also, to protect the reputation of the country and to meet the health obligations of the international community, it will notify the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) of any flu outbreak.