In chemistry, soap, salt is a chip acid. Soaps are mainly used for washing, bathing, and cleaning, but soap is used in the wrapping of the fabric, and is an important part of the lubricants. Cleansing and cleansing soaps are mainly obtained from the collection of vegetable and animal oils and fats with a high alkaline solution.
Fats and oils are a combination of triglycerides: three acid-chip molecules bonded to a glycerol molecule. The soaps, by creating a stable emulsion of the pus, create an emulsion colloid, resulting in the mixing of water and fat and the cleansing of fats. Pregnant soap disperses fats in water and creates gravity with water that is polar, and the hydrocarbon component also produces gravity with fat.
Dark soap
The soap industry in Iranian market and global market has roots over the past 2000 years. In Mumbai, a soap factory has been found. However, among many chemical industries, none like the soap industry has experienced such radical changes in their chemical raw materials out of marketing in Iran. It is generally accepted that per capita consumption of soap represents the standard of living of individuals in each country.
Soap is, in fact, never discovered, but has gradually evolved from alkaline raw materials and lipids. Father Pliny has described soft soaps in the first century, but by the thirteenth century there was never enough soap so that the industry could say it was not produced. By the early 1800s, it was believed that soap was a mechanical mixture of fat and alkali.
Then a French chemist, Chevrolet, showed that the formation of soap is actually a chemical reaction. Dominique completes her work on the recovery of glycine from soap-like mixtures. Until the important discovery of Leobalan in the field of low-cost sodium carbonate production from sodium chloride, alkali need to be provided by soaking wood ash or by evaporating naturally alkaline Nile rivers.
Other factors that have contributed to the advancement of soap industry for marketing in Iran and global marketing include:
:: The use of resins in soap baking boilers (1850 AD)
:: Use of sodium silicate by an English scientist (1870 AD)
:: Hydrogenation of oils and preparation of more suitable fats for use in soap (early 19th century AD)
:: Technology progress during World War I and beyond
The use of scientific achievements along with technological advancement in factories led to the rapid growth of the industry in 1850.
Types of soap in terms of type of use for global and Iranian market:
1. Soap for bath and toilets (soap): In this type of soap, to minimize the amount of alkali used to keep skin and hairs healthy, the natural and neutral fillers of astringent and softening substances Added to them.
Laundry soap: These types of soaps are made from cheap fat but today they are reduced due to the use of non-soap cleaners. A black soap that is also used for washing clothes is provided. Soap Cleaning may be used as a powder (even mixed with non-soap detergent powder) for washing which is really popular in Iranian market.
3. Medical soap: This soap is used to treat infectious skin diseases and skin fungus, and they contain substances such as boric acid and zinc, iodide, mercury chloride, copper acetate.
4. Soaps for washing machines: These types of soaps contain about 5 to 15% of organic solvents such as tetra and ethylene, tri-chloroethane, cyclohexanol, and some emulsifying substances and excipients, which is not used as much as other types of soap in Iranian market.
5. Soap Abrasives: These soaps contain 70% soft silica powder, 15% alumina, some sodium polyphosphate and a little pine oil (to remove unpleasant odor) to clean the surface of metal devices and other objects. Usually, to clean the color of the metal, some acidic substances are also used. This type is mostly used in industrial parts of Iranian market.
6. Soap for hard water: This type of soap which is common in the north and south of Iranian market, is made from vegetable fats such as palm oil and coconut, and contains certain additives, including alkali metal phosphates, and they are well primed in sea water and are of special importance.
7. Clear soap: This type of soap contains glycerin, sugar and alcohol, and has a clear appearance but less cleansing power.
8. Soap for other metals, Zinc stearate: A very soft, moisturizing powder for the production of baby powder.
9. Copper stearate (Antifungal): Soap metals with oxidizing numbers higher than 2+ are insoluble in water and have the role of grease, hence its industrial value.
10-Ammonium Soap: Soap that gradually liberates ammonia gas and decomposes in air, and fatty acid or ammonium hydroxide. Uses: To prepare emulsions and provide hand washing detergents (toilets) this one makes lots of profits by marketing in Iran.
Soap ingredients
Puree is the main fatty substance in soap making. The amount of cooked food is about three quarters of the total amount of oils and fats consumed by the soap industry, and is a mixture of glycerides that are obtained from steaming solid bovine fat. This solid fat is steamed, digested, and the fat is formed on the water, so that it can be easily collected from the water.
To increase the solubility of soap, the pepper is usually mixed with a coconut oil in the soap dish or water-pad. Tail oil (about 20%) is the second most important ingredient in soap making. This oil, an important source of fatty glycerides, is obtained from small domestic animals. The oil purifier is done by steaming or solvent extraction and is often mixed without mixing with other fats.
In some cases, instead of these oils, during the operation, they extract the fatty acids and use them in soap. Coconut oil has long been important. Coconut oil soap is hard and foam well. This oil contains many proportions of highly desirable glycerides of Lauric acid and Myersic acid.